Dietary Strategies for Osteoarthritis: An In-depth Look at the Sesame Seed Connection

Abstract

Sesame seeds are recognized for their high amount of oil content; they are commonly used in Asia and West, for both culinary and therapeutics. This article mainly focuses on the phytochemical composition, cultivation, and conventional uses of sesame seeds, along with their role in managing osteoarthritis. They are obtained from unhulled seeds; its cultivation is done in enriched soil during April, May, September, and October. It is harvested when its seed capsule changes color to yellowish brown, followed by sun-drying and baking to collect maximum seeds. Sesame seeds are loaded with flavonoids, thus possess many medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular and wound healing properties. Presence of phenolic compounds contributes to the reduction of cholesterol and improves cardiovascular health. These seeds also hold flavonoids, tannins, phytates, phylates, tocopherol, phytosterols and unsaturated fats, each contributing to the nutritional and therapeutic values of seeds. According to the research studies, these seeds are associated with potential health benefits specifically their role in cure of osteoarthritis. It is also suggested to contain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, consequently, reducing oxidative stress in osteoarthritis and improving lipid profile. Lignans found in sesame seeds are also related to reducing cholesterol levels and improving hormones in postmenopausal conditions and providing protection against breast cancer. Many years back it was also used to treat skin infections, also used as a key ingredient in mouth washes. Additionally, it was also used to treat CNS-related ailments such as insomnia, dizziness, and headache. Dose recommendation is 9 gram. However it should be cautiously used in pregnancy and breastfeeding, diabetes and post surgery. Osteoarthritis is a widespread musculoskeletal disease, affecting joints, mainly knees most common symptoms are joint pain, stiffness, swelling and difficulty in mobility. The disease progression is multifactorial, including imbalancement between antioxidants in body resulting in high oxidative stress. It is also very progressive disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Pathological findings show abnormal bone structure, narrow joint spaces and cyst. Risk factors include age, injury, diet and obesity. Treatment plan include analgesics, steroids and surgery in required cases, along with weight management, exercise and physical therapy. Sesame seeds have potency to cure and prevent osteoarthritis; further studies are suggested to validate this claim.